Ransomware is malicious software that threatens to expose data or block access to unless a ransom is paid. This threat can be mitigated by the appropriate software. There is also a “low-tech” way of heading this off.
Please refer to the chapter on backups. Using the rule of 3 for backups can ensure you have access to data in the event of an attack, which includes this type of cyber extortion.
If you get compromised, you can use a backup to access your files while you are negating the ransomware threat. Having your files locked out is essentially the same as having your computer crash. Backups will get you back in business while you work on the main issue.